Air conditioners, refrigerators & heat pumps, all have the working fluid named, refrigerant. The continuous phase transition of refrigerant from liquid to gas and back again is responsible for heat removal.
R-22, also known as chlorodifluoromethane, is a hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) refrigerant widely used in air conditioning, refrigeration, and heat pump systems. R-22 is a colorless, odorless gas at room temperature and pressure. It is relatively stable under normal conditions.
R-22 has been widely used as a refrigerant in air conditioning systems, refrigerators, freezers, and heat pumps for several decades. It serves as the primary refrigerant in many residential and commercial air conditioning units for cooling purposes.
In addition to residential air conditioning, R-22 is used in various commercial refrigeration applications, including walk-in coolers, display cases, and refrigerated transport vehicles.It helps maintain low temperatures and ensures the proper functioning of refrigeration systems.
R-22 is utilized as a refrigerant in heat pump systems, which provide both heating and cooling functions by transferring heat between indoor and outdoor environments.It allows heat pumps to absorb heat from outdoor air during the heating mode and release heat outdoors during the cooling mode.
R-22 is sometimes used in industrial refrigeration systems for process cooling and preservation of perishable goods. It is employed in food processing facilities, cold storage warehouses, and manufacturing plants where precise temperature control is essential.
R-22 is used as a feedstock in the production of other chemicals, including fluoropolymers, solvents, and aerosol propellants. It serves as a precursor in the synthesis of various fluorinated compounds used in industrial processes and consumer products.
In some applications, R-22 has been used as a solvent for cleaning electronic components and precision machinery. However, its use as a solvent has declined due to environmental concerns and regulatory restrictions.
| IUPAC name | Chloro(difluoro)-methane |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | HCFC-22 |
| CAS No. | 75-45-6 |
| Molecular Weight | 86.47 |
| Phase at STP | Gas |
| Appearance | Colourless |
| Odour | Odourless |
| Category | Compressed gas |
| Moisture | <10 ppm |
| Chlorine | - |
| Non-Volatile Residue | <50 ppm |
| Non-Condensable Gases | <1.5 % |
| Packing | 61kg / 10kg / 450gms / 825kgs |
R-32, also known as difluoromethane, is a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerant with the chemical formula CH2F2. It is a colorless, odorless gas with a low global warming potential (GWP) compared to many other refrigerants. It is non-toxic and non-flammable under normal conditions.
R-32 is used as a refrigerant in air conditioning systems and heat pumps, particularly in residential and commercial applications. It serves as a replacement for higher-GWP refrigerants like R-410A and R-22, offering improved energy efficiency and environmental performance.
R-32 is increasingly being used in residential air conditioning units, including split-system air conditioners, ductless mini-split systems, and window air conditioners. Its lower GWP makes it compliant with environmental regulations and helps reduce the carbon footprint of cooling systems.
In addition to air conditioning, R-32 is used in commercial refrigeration applications such as supermarket refrigerators, display cases, and refrigerated transport vehicles. It provides efficient and reliable cooling while minimizing environmental impact compared to higher-GWP refrigerants.
R-32 is utilized as a refrigerant in heat pump systems for both heating and cooling purposes. It allows heat pumps to extract heat from outdoor air during the heating mode and transfer heat outdoors during the cooling mode efficiently.
R-32 may also find applications in certain industrial refrigeration systems where low GWP refrigerants are preferred for environmental reasons. It can be used in food processing facilities, cold storage warehouses, and manufacturing plants where precise temperature control is necessary.
R-32 could potentially be used in automotive air conditioning systems, although its use in this application may be limited by safety and regulatory considerations.
| IUPAC name | Difluoromethane | - | - |
|---|---|---|---|
| Synonyms | HFC-32 Methylene Fluoride | - | - |
| CAS No. | 75-10-5 | - | - |
| Molecular Weight | 52.023 | - | - |
| Phase at STP | Gas | - | - |
| Appearance | Colourless | - | - |
| Odour | Odourless | - | - |
| Category | Flammable gas Compressed gas | - | - |
| Purity | 99.9% | - | - |
| CFC | <0.04 % | Moisture | <1 % |
| HCFC | <0.04 % | Chlorine | <1 % |
| Unsaturated Compounds | <0.004 % | HCl | <1 % |
| Fluorinated Unsaturated Compounds | <0.002 % | High Boiling Residue | <10 % |
| Methyl + Methylene Chloride | <0.003 % | Particulates | Visibly clean |
| Packing | 40kgs / 8kgs / 710kgs | - | - |
R-134a, also known as 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, is a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerant widely used in air conditioning, refrigeration, and automotive air conditioning systems. R-134a has a relatively low GWP compared to many other refrigerants, making it less harmful to the environment in terms of contributing to climate change.
R-134a is commonly used as a refrigerant in automotive air conditioning systems, replacing older refrigerants such as R-12 (chlorofluorocarbon). It is used in cars, trucks, buses, and other vehicles to provide cooling and comfort to occupants, particularly during hot weather.
R-134a is used in air conditioning systems for residential and commercial buildings, including central air conditioning units, ducted systems, and split-system air conditioners. It provides efficient cooling and dehumidification while complying with environmental regulations regarding ozone depletion and global warming potential.
In addition to air conditioning, R-134a is used in refrigeration applications such as refrigerators, freezers, and chillers. It helps maintain low temperatures for food storage, preservation, and industrial processes without depleting the ozone layer or significantly contributing to global warming.
R-134a is utilized as a refrigerant in heat pump systems, which provide both heating and cooling functions by transferring heat between indoor and outdoor environments. It allows heat pumps to extract heat from outdoor air during the heating mode and release heat outdoors during the cooling mode efficiently.
R-134a is used in various commercial refrigeration applications, including walk-in coolers, display cases, and refrigerated transport vehicles. It ensures the proper cooling and preservation of perishable goods in supermarkets, convenience stores, and food processing facilities.
R-134a may find applications in certain industrial refrigeration systems where low GWP refrigerants are preferred for environmental reasons. It can be used in cold storage warehouses, food processing plants, and manufacturing facilities where precise temperature control is necessary.
| IUPAC name | 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane | - | - |
|---|---|---|---|
| Synonyms | HFC-134a | - | - |
| CAS No. | 811-97-2 | - | - |
| Molecular Weight | 102.03 | - | - |
| Phase at STP | Gas | - | - |
| Appearance | Colourless | - | - |
| Odour | Faint ethereal | - | - |
| Category | Compressed gas | - | - |
| Purity | 99.9998% | - | - |
| HCl | <10 ppb | Non-absorbable Gas Vapors | <0.02 % |
| Moisture | <5.4 ppm | Chlorine | <15.3 ppm |
| Packing | 450gms / 10kg / 62kg / 825kgs | - | - |
R-290, also known as propane, is a natural refrigerant that has gained attention as an environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic refrigerants due to its low environmental impact. Propane is a colorless, odorless gas at room temperature and pressure. It is easily liquefied under moderate pressure, forming a clear, colorless liquid.
Propane is used as a refrigerant in small-scale refrigeration and air conditioning systems, particularly in domestic and commercial refrigerators, freezers, and air conditioning units. It provides efficient cooling performance while minimizing environmental impact compared to synthetic refrigerants.
In addition to residential applications, propane is used in commercial refrigeration systems such as supermarket refrigerators, display cases, and refrigerated vending machines. It helps maintain low temperatures for food storage and preservation without contributing to ozone depletion or global warming.
Propane is utilized as a refrigerant in heat pump systems for both heating and cooling purposes. It allows heat pumps to extract heat from outdoor air during the heating mode and release heat outdoors during the cooling mode efficiently.
Propane may find applications in industrial refrigeration systems where low environmental impact and energy efficiency are priorities. It can be used in cold storage warehouses, food processing plants, and manufacturing facilities requiring precise temperature control.
Propane can be used as a refrigerant in transport refrigeration units for trucks, vans, and trailers transporting perishable goods. It ensures proper cooling during transportation while minimizing environmental emissions and complying with regulatory standards.
Propane is commonly used as a fuel for heating, cooking, and electricity generation in residential, commercial, and industrial settings. Its clean-burning properties and high energy density make it a versatile and efficient energy source for various applications.
| IUPAC name | Propane | - | - |
|---|---|---|---|
| CAS No. | 74-98-6 | - | - |
| Molecular Weight | 44.10 | - | - |
| Phase at STP | Gas | - | - |
| Appearance | Colourless | - | - |
| Odour | Odourless | - | - |
| Category | Flammable gas Compressed gas | - | - |
| Purity | 99.5% | - | - |
| Moisture | <10 ppm | 1,3 Butadiene | <1 ppm |
| Propylene | <300 ppm | N 2 | <50 ppm |
| Packing | 50kgs / 399kgs / 150gm | - | - |
R-407C is a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerant blend commonly used as a replacement for ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) and hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) refrigerants in various air conditioning and refrigeration systems R-407C has a relatively high GWP compared to natural refrigerants like propane but significantly lower than ozone-depleting substances it replaced.
R-407C is commonly used as a refrigerant in air conditioning systems for both residential and commercial applications. It is suitable for use in various types of air conditioning units, including split-system air conditioners, packaged units, and ducted systems.
In addition to air conditioning, R-407C is used in refrigeration systems such as commercial refrigerators, freezers, and walk-in coolers. It provides efficient cooling performance for food storage, preservation, and display in supermarkets, restaurants, and food processing facilities.
R-407C is utilized as a refrigerant in heat pump systems for both heating and cooling purposes. It allows heat pumps to extract heat from outdoor air during the heating mode and release heat outdoors during the cooling mode efficiently.
R-407C is suitable for use in various commercial applications requiring refrigeration or air conditioning, including office buildings, hotels, hospitals, and retail stores. It provides reliable and energy-efficient cooling while complying with environmental regulations.
R-407C is used in residential air conditioning systems, providing cooling comfort to homeowners during hot weather. It is commonly found in split-system air conditioners, heat pumps, and ductless mini-split systems installed in residential properties.
R-407C may find applications in transport refrigeration units for trucks, vans, and trailers transporting perishable goods. It ensures proper cooling during transportation while complying with environmental regulations and performance standards.
| Components | R-32 (23%) |
|---|---|
| R-125 (25%) | |
| R-134A (52%) | |
| Molecular Weight | 86.2 |
| Phase at STP | Gas |
| Category | Compressed gas |
| Purity | 99.4% |
| Moisture | <8 ppm |
| Air + Condensable | <0.2 % |
| Volatile Impurities | <0.4 % |
| Particulate | <0.4 % |
| Packing | 45kg / 8kg / 740kg |
R-410A is a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerant blend commonly used as a replacement for ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) and hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) refrigerants in air conditioning and heat pump systems.
R-407C is commonly used as a refrigerant in air conditioning systems for both residential and commercial applications. It is suitable for use in various types of air conditioning units, including split-system air conditioners, packaged units, and ducted systems.
R-410A is utilized as a refrigerant in heat pump systems for both heating and cooling purposes. It allows heat pumps to extract heat from outdoor air during the heating mode and release heat outdoors during the cooling mode efficiently.
R-410A is used in residential air conditioning and heat pump systems, providing cooling and heating comfort to homeowners throughout the year. It is commonly found in split-system air conditioners, heat pumps, and ductless mini-split systems installed in residential properties.
R-410A is suitable for use in various commercial applications requiring air conditioning and heat pump systems, including office buildings, hotels, hospitals, and retail stores.It provides reliable and energy-efficient cooling and heating while complying with environmental regulations.
R-410A may find applications in certain industrial air conditioning and heat pump systems where precise temperature control is necessary. It can be used in manufacturing facilities, data centers, and other industrial settings requiring climate control.
| Components | R-32 (50%) |
|---|---|
| R-125 (50%) | |
| Molecular Weight | 72.6 |
| Phase at STP | Gas |
| Appearance | Colourless |
| Category | Compressed gas |
| Purity | 99.997% |
| R 32 | <48.5 % |
| R 125 | <49.5 % |
| Moisture | <4 ppm |
| Residue | 0 |
| Non-absorbable Gas Vapor | <0.49 % |
| HCl | 0 ppb |
| Packing | 45kg / 8kg / 740kg |
R-600a, also known as isobutane, is a hydrocarbon refrigerant commonly used in small refrigeration systems, such as household refrigerators, freezers, and beverage coolers. isobutane is a colorless, odorless gas at room temperature and pressure. It is highly flammable and must be handled with caution.
R-600a is commonly used as a refrigerant in small household refrigerators and freezers, including compact refrigerators, mini-fridges, and beverage coolers. It provides efficient cooling performance while minimizing environmental impact, making it a popular choice for residential appliances.
Isobutane may also be used in some commercial refrigeration applications, particularly in small-scale refrigeration units used in convenience stores, restaurants, and food service establishments. It helps maintain low temperatures for food storage and preservation without depleting the ozone layer or contributing significantly to global warming.
R-600a can be used in medical refrigeration units for storing temperature-sensitive medications, vaccines, and biological samples. It ensures precise temperature control and reliability in medical facilities, pharmacies, and laboratories.
Isobutane refrigeration systems are sometimes used in portable cooling devices such as camping fridges, coolers, and mobile refrigeration units.They provide convenient and efficient cooling for outdoor activities, camping trips, and remote locations where traditional electricity-powered refrigeration may not be available.
In some cases, R-600a may be used in refrigeration systems for vending machines and commercial beverage dispensers. It offers energy-efficient cooling for storing and dispensing beverages and perishable snacks in vending machines installed in various locations.
| IUPAC name | Isobutane | - | - |
|---|---|---|---|
| CAS No. | 75-28-5 | - | - |
| Molecular Weight | 58.12 | - | - |
| Phase at STP | Gas | - | - |
| Appearance | Colourless | - | - |
| Odour | Faint petroleum-like | - | - |
| Category | Flammable gas | - | - |
| Compressed gas | - | - | |
| Purity | 99.995% | - | - |
| Moisture | <10 ppm | - | - |
| Other Hydrocarbons | <5000 ppm | Nitrogen | <50 ppm |
| Butadiene | <1 ppm | CO2 + CO | <20 ppm |
| Packing | 200gm/ 50kg / 455kg | - | - |